| ## Safe Numerics

#### automatic

##### Description

This type contains the meta-functions to return a type with sufficient capacity to hold the result of a given binary arithmetic operation.

The standard C/C++ procedure for executing arithmetic operations on operands of different types is:

- Convert operands to some common type using a somewhat elaborate elaborate rules defined in the C++ standard.

- Execute the operation.

- If the result of the operation cannot fit in the common type of the operands, discard the high order bits.

The automatic promotion policy replaces the standard C/C++ procedure for the following one:

- Convert operands to some common type using to the following rules.

  - For addition. If the operands are both unsigned the common type will be unsigned. Otherwise it will be signed.

  - For subtraction, the common type will be signed.

  - For left/right shift, the sign of the result will be the sign of the left operand.

  - For all other types of operants, if both operands are unsigned the common type will be unsigned. Otherwise, it will be signed.

- Determine the smallest size of the signed or unsigned type which can be guaranteed hold the result.

- If this size exceeds the maximum size supported by the compiler, use the maximum size supported by the compiler.

- Execute the operation.

  - Convert each operand to the common type.

  - If the result cannot be contained in the result type as above, invoke an error procedure.

  - Otherwise, return the result in the common type

This type promotion policy is applicable only to safe types whose base type is an Integer type.

##### Model of

PromotionPolicy

##### Example of use

The following example illustrates the `automatic` type being passed as a template parameter for the type `safe<int>`.

    #include <boost/safe_numerics/safe_integer.hpp>
    #include <boost/safe_numerics/automatic.hpp>

    int main(){
        using namespace boost::numeric;
        // use automatic promotion policy where C++ standard arithmetic
        // might lead to incorrect results
        using safe_t = safe<std::int8_t, automatic>;

        // In such cases, there is no runtime overhead from using safe types.
        safe_t x = 127;
        safe_t y = 2;
        // z is guaranteed correct without any runtime overhead or exception.
        auto z = x + y;
        return 0;
    }

##### Header

``#include <boost/safe_numerics/automatic.hpp>``